In the dawn of the 20th century, signs literally pointed the way for quickly growing number of car owners to the forerunner of the modern gas station. America was jumping on this self-propelling buggy they called automobile to the delight of car manufacturers and oil and gas companies.
Before fuel advertisements swung into full force, gasoline companies like Gulf, Polly, Esso, Shell, and others made use of signs to direct motorist to their supposedly superior products. They reassured commuters as well. During the time when filling and service stations were still a rarity, seeing a sign pointing to the next filling station after many miles of country driving brought a veritable sigh of relief to the weary driver.
Vintage Signs – Trademarking the Brand
Signs, brands, and trademarks, of course, became an industry of its own long before the first filling stations. Brand names, trademarks, and the promise of in-demand consumer products were carved onto wood, stone, marble, and later on paper and packaging.
Eventually, industry leaders would brought more robust and durable materials into production. The production of the classic one-signed plate or placard thus began. These earliest signs were often convex, and letters or designs were slightly raised, especially on the lithographed tin. These signs came in all shapes and sizes, though the most common are also those that endure down to this day: circles, squares, and rectangles. And with the rise of car ownership, signs would eventually change the face and color of cities and towns.
Interestingly, the idea of a sign supported by a stand or pole was particular to the US. They would then be placed in strategic spaces around a gas station to attract customers further.
Old Collectible Signs – A Competitive Market
In the 19-teens, signs on the lithographed tin, screen-printed sheet steel, or the more durable baked enamel became the symbol of American Oil, Gas, and Petroleum consumerism and competition. Signs would eventually become more forward, distinct, and striking (pin-up welcome) to better attract motorists and beat rivals. It is also for this reason why vintage signs are a particular favorite among petroliana and automobilia collectors. Signs were witty, always appealing, and back then, surprisingly specific. Whereas now we have signs that only say “Get gas,” signs back then might read “Trust your car to the man who wears the star – Texaco.” Gas companies, the more unique and distinct it was, the better
As gas stations in the country increased in number, the demand for signs grew exponentially. Companies like the Burdick Enamel Sign Company would also make a name for themselves. Established Chicago, IL. in ’85, the company rose to fame producing signs for a variety of companies and industries nationwide. For vintage sign collectors, the Burdick Enamel Sign Company is synonymous to the pump shield or pump plate. These signs, often emblazoned with a brand were attached to gas pumps to make them more attractive and to protect from dings and scratches.
Collectors would typically hunt for pump shields to either complete their pump and globe set or as a set of places of similar brands. Major brands such as Standard Oil, Union 76, Pennzoil, and Valvoline have large followings and are the most common plates and signs you’ll encounter. However, the signs collectors are really out to find are from smaller regional brands, which makes them extremely rare. Polly branded signs, for example, are one of a kind and very expensive.
In the years following World War II, the production and use of signs saw a decline. Many tin and enamel signs were melted down to support the war effort. If used at all, signs became more straightforward and less specific to prolong their relevance and reduce costs. Metal and steel supports would then be replaced by plastic while baked enamel would be abandoned in favor of hard plastic, sheet steel, and synthetics.
Despite the decline during the 40’s and 50’s, signs that have become vintage are experiencing a surge in popularity. Collectors would often go out of their way to find specific signs from historical eras and even restore signs that have become worse for wear.
Vintage Signs for Sale
As you begin or continue your hunt for that rare antique sign or a piece that would complete your Union 76 collection, you’ll want to consider the following factors:
Materials
Tin Signs
Before enamel signs arrived in the US, signs were made of the same material as canned food: tin. Tin replaced paper posters as the ideal sign material. Gas companies would then imprint their brands, logos, and slogans onto Tin plates via a process called lithography, despite the high cost of producing tin signs. Tin signs in mint condition are typically harder to find as the material is prone to rust.
Enamel and Porcelain Signs
Signs made from enamel or porcelain were one of the most durable and robust. Also, their weather-resistance made them a favorite of gas and service stations whose signs are often exposed to the elements. It’s inherent strength also made it a perfect canvass for the often bold and colorful illustrations as it would age incredibly well. Today, enamel and porcelain signs are one of the most common and popular collectibles for both petroliana collectors and art-deco enthusiasts.
Neon Signs
Collecting vintage neon signs can be challenging, as these signs are often fragile and can be difficult to find in good condition. Many signs have been damaged over time or have been lost or discarded. It can take a lot of time and effort to locate and acquire a good quality vintage neon sign, but the sense of accomplishment and the beauty of the finished product can make it all worth it.
One way to find vintage neon signs is to visit antique shops, flea markets, and online marketplaces. It can also be helpful to join collector groups or forums, where you can connect with other collectors and learn about new finds and resources.
In addition to being a unique and visually appealing addition to a home or business, vintage neon signs can also be a valuable investment. As the popularity of these signs has grown, so has their value. A well-preserved and rare neon sign can be worth thousands of dollars.
Condition
The main factor you’ll have to consider on the state of a vintage sign is the overall condition and possible restoration. Specifically, how much or how little restoration would be needed. Damage and wear on an enamel sign would be easier to fix, provided that the porcelain itself is not badly damaged. On the other hand, tin signs could be deformed or carry rust.
Brand
As mentioned above, vintage signs carrying the big brand of the era are the most common. However, their prevalence does not necessarily decrease their value. It would, though, make it easier for a collector to build his collection around a specific major brand.
On the other hand, if rarity and scarcity are what you’re looking for, then smaller, less popular, regional brands (like Polly or Sinclair) should be your target.
Size
When it comes to vintage signs, size matters. You’ll find that the bigger the sign, the more coveted and more valuable it will be. If you’re aiming for a giant antique sign, you might need to bring the truck.
Although gas station signs have become ubiquitous today, signs used to be a source of color, wonder, and excitement during the infancy of the automobile. For quiet routes and backwater towns, signs also meant business and trade. Today, antique and vintage signs bring a welcome helping of nostalgia and Americana to any yard, den, or showroom.